Nicotine Pouches: What to Know for Effect & Safety?

Nicotine pouches have gained popularity as an alternative to traditional tobacco products, but you might be wondering about their potential side effects. These small, tobacco-free pouches deliver nicotine directly to your bloodstream through the lining of your mouth, raising questions about their impact on your health. Understanding nicotine pouches side effects is crucial for making informed decisions about your nicotine consumption and overall well-being.

In this article, you’ll learn about the common side effects associated with nicotine pouches, including their effects on your body and how they compare to other tobacco products. We’ll also explore the safety concerns and precautions you should keep in mind when using nicotine pouches or nicotine salt pouches. By the end, you’ll have a clearer picture of what to expect and how to use these products responsibly if you choose to do so.

Definition and Composition of Nicotine pouches

Nicotine pouches are tobacco-free products that provide a source of nicotine without the need for smoking or chewing tobacco. These small bags contain nicotine, water, flavorings, sweeteners, and plant-based fibers. The pouches are designed to be placed between your gum and upper lip, where the nicotine is absorbed through the mucous membranes in your mouth.

The main ingredient in nicotine pouches is pharmaceutical-grade nicotine, which makes up about 10-20% of the pouch content. The remaining 80-90% consists of water and microcrystalline cellulose, which acts as a non-tobacco substrate. Additives and flavorings are also present at food-grade standards, offering a variety of tastes such as mint, fruit, and coffee.

• How They Work

To use a nicotine pouch, you place it between your gum and lip for up to 30 minutes. The high-purity nicotine is extracted into your saliva and absorbed mainly through the mouth’s mucous membranes before entering your bloodstream. Some nicotine may also reach your gastrointestinal tract if you swallow the saliva.

The pouch’s thickness and composition help determine the nicotine release dynamics. The binder/filler, consisting of microcrystalline cellulose powder, gum, and a hydrophilic solvent, influences the speed of nicotine release and the physical feeling in your mouth.

• Popular Brands

Several brands have gained popularity in the U.S. market:

ZYN: Offers various flavors and strengths, from gentle cinnamon to extra strong mint.

On!: Provides diverse options with multiple nicotine strengths for each flavor, ranging from 2 mg to 8 mg per pouch.

VELO: Known for its mint and citrus flavors, available in different nicotine strengths.

Rogue: Features regular-sized plump pouches with various flavors in 3 mg or 6 mg strengths.

These brands typically sell pouches in packs of about 20, with prices ranging from £5-6.50 per pack as of March 2023.

Common Side Effects of Nicotine Pouches

• Short-term Side Effects

When you use nicotine pouches, you might experience several immediate effects. These can include irritation of the gums, a sore mouth, and hiccups. Some users also report feeling nauseous or having an upset stomach. It’s important to note that nicotine can raise your blood pressure and increase your heart rate in the short term.

• Long-term Health Concerns

The long-term health impact of nicotine pouches is still not fully understood. Nicotine use, especially when chronic or heavy, can affect brain development and lead to long-term disabilities and other health issues. It may contribute to dental conditions like gum recession or tooth decay. While nicotine itself doesn’t directly cause cancer, research shows it can be a tumor promoter, potentially making cancer more aggressive.

• Addiction Potential

Nicotine pouches carry the same risk for developing dependence, withdrawal, and addiction as other nicotine products. This addiction potential increases the risk of relapse with other tobacco products. It’s crucial to understand that nicotine is highly addictive, regardless of its delivery method. If you decide to stop using nicotine pouches, you may experience withdrawal side effects.

Dr. Marino warns, “Nicotine is not inherently safe. It’s easy to accidentally end up with adverse side effects ranging from nausea to palpitations and dizziness. Beyond these effects, nicotine can be quite toxic in higher doses, so you should be careful how much you consume.”

Comparing Nicotine Pouches to Other Tobacco Products

• Nicotine Pouches vs. Cigarettes

Compared to cigarettes, nicotine pouches deliver nicotine at a slower rate and in lower concentrations. This characteristic might contribute to a lower potential for abuse. However, it’s worth noting that users often find nicotine pouches less satisfying and rewarding than cigarettes.

• Nicotine Pouches vs. Chewing Tobacco

Unlike traditional dip or chewing tobacco, nicotine pouches are tobacco leaf-free. This means you get nicotine without the tobacco, which can be less messy and reduce the risk of teeth staining. Nicotine pouches also come in a variety of flavors, from fruit to mint, while dip tobacco primarily tastes of tobacco with only subtle added flavors.

• Nicotine Pouches vs. E-Cigarettes

While both are considered alternatives to traditional tobacco products, nicotine pouches differ from e-cigarettes in their method of use. Nicotine pouches are placed between your cheek and gum, while e-cigarettes involve inhaling vapor. Both products deliver nicotine effectively, but pouches might be simpler to use than some forms of nicotine replacement therapy.

It’s important to remember that while nicotine pouches may be perceived as less harmful, their long-term health impacts are still unknown. They’re not regulated as strictly as other tobacco products, and more research is needed to fully understand their effects.

Safety Concerns and Precautions

• Usage Guidelines

When using nicotine pouches, it’s crucial to follow proper guidelines to minimize potential risks. Place the pouch under your upper lip and leave it there for up to 30 minutes. Avoid chewing or sucking on the pouch, as it’s designed for absorption through the oral tissues. To have the best experience, you’ll feel a tingling sensation as the nicotine is released.

• Risks for Specific Populations

Nicotine pouches are not recommended for non-smokers or young people due to their addictive nature. If you’re pregnant, trying to conceive, or have cardiovascular issues, it’s advisable to avoid these products. Nicotine has well-documented cardiovascular effects, which may pose risks to some individuals.

• Storage and Handling

To ensure safety, store nicotine pouches out of reach of children and pets. Never share a nicotine pouch with someone else, and call your doctor immediately if you accidentally swallow one. When disposing of used pouches, place them in general waste. The can is recyclable, but make sure to remove any used pouches before recycling.

It’s important to note that while nicotine pouches are marketed as a less harmful alternative to smoking, they’re not risk-free. Long-term health impacts are still unknown, and more comprehensive research is needed. Some studies have found cancer-causing chemicals called tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in certain nicotine pouch products.

Regular dental check-ups are crucial if you use nicotine pouches, as they may cause oral health issues such as gum irritation, mouth sores, and potentially gum recession. Be aware that nicotine pouches can lead to addiction and withdrawal symptoms if you decide to stop using them.

Conclusion

Nicotine pouches offer an alternative to traditional tobacco products, but they come with their own set of considerations. These small, tobacco-free bags deliver nicotine directly to your bloodstream, offering a different experience compared to smoking or chewing tobacco. While they might be seen as less harmful, it’s crucial to understand that nicotine pouches still have side effects and potential risks.